Comparison of the photo-acclimation potential of floating and benthic thalli of Sargassum horneri (P

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Sargassum horneri is a foundational species and an important contributor to the floating seaweed stock along the northeastern coast of Asia. In this study, benthic and floating thalli of S . horneri were collected from Changdao Island (37°54′N, 120°43′E), Bohai Bay, China. We conducted an in-situ and an indoor experiment to study the acclimation potential in S . horneri to abiotic conditions at sea surface in autumn and winter. Both benthic and floating thalli were cultured in situ for two months (from October to December) at different depths: 0 m above sea level (masl) and 3 m below sea level (mbsl), and their growth rate, biochemical content, and photosynthetic performance were compared. During the first month of culture, the relative growth rate of floating thalli was 2-fold greater than that of benthic thalli at 0 masl. The photosynthetic rate of most thalli was significantly higher at 0 masl than at 3 mbsl. In the indoor experiments, floating and benthic thalli were exposed to high light intensity (400 μmol photons/(m 2 ·s) photosynthetically active radiation (PAR)) for 21 d, and their photo-acclimation capacities were compared. Under high light intensity, the two types of thalli showed low maximum quantum yield ( F v / F m ) and light utilisation efficiency ( α ) but high light saturation point ( E k ). Floating thalli showed higher photosynthetic rate and photoprotective ability than benthic thalli at high light intensity. The effective quantum yield of photosystem Ⅱ[Y(II)] of both types of thalli recovered after a 6-day treatment with low light intensity (40 μmol photons/(m 2 ·s)). These findings suggest that S . horneri is highly acclimated to the sea surface environment, which possibly contributes to its rapid accumulation and long free-floating periods at the sea surface.
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