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目的了解2013年西平县农村居民生活饮用水卫生状况,为提高饮用水卫生管理质量提供科学依据。方法根据供水方式及饮用人口按照随机整群抽样原则设立监测点,集中式供水采集末梢水,分散供水采集农户家中储水器水样或直接饮用的水样,水样检验按GB/T5750-2006《生活饮用水卫生标准检验方法》,按GB/T5749-2006《生活饮用水卫生标准》对结果进行水质检测统计、分析和评价。结果全年共检测水样60份,合格44份,总合格率73.33%,不合格项目主要为菌落总数、总大肠菌群、耐热大肠菌群、浑浊度、硝酸盐氮、铁、锰。集中式供水和分散式供水合格率分别为90.00%、43.33%,两者差异有统计学意义(x2=5.25,P<0.05),枯水期与丰水期的监测合格率分别为70.00%、76.67%,两者之间差异无统计学意义(x2=0.34,P>0.5)。结论集中式供水的水质明显好于分散式供水水质,加强水源管理,规范水质净化处理技术是保证饮水安全的关键。
Objective To understand the sanitary status of drinking water of rural residents in Xiping County in 2013 and provide scientific basis for improving the quality of drinking water health management. Methods According to the principle of water supply and drinking population, a monitoring point was set up according to the principle of random cluster sampling. The centralized water supply was used to collect the peripheral water, scattered water was collected to collect the water sample of the household water storage device or direct drinking water. The water samples were tested according to GB / T5750-2006 “Drinking water health standard test method”, according to GB / T5749-2006 “drinking water health standards” for the results of water quality testing statistics, analysis and evaluation. Results A total of 60 water samples were tested and 44 were qualified, with a total pass rate of 73.33%. The total number of non-passing items was total number of colonies, total coliforms, heat-resistant coliforms, turbidity, nitrate nitrogen, iron and manganese. The qualified rates of centralized water supply and decentralized water supply were 90.00% and 43.33% respectively, the difference was statistically significant (x2 = 5.25, P <0.05). The qualified rates of monitoring in dry season and wet season were 70.00% and 76.67% , No significant difference between the two (x2 = 0.34, P> 0.5). Conclusions The water quality of centralized water supply is obviously better than that of decentralized water supply. Strengthening water source management and standardizing water purification technology are the keys to ensure drinking water safety.