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蓄滞洪区作为水利工程的重要组成部分,在减轻沿岸大堤的洪水压力等方面起到了重要作用,但同时也造成蓄滞洪区内发生重大灾害。依据灾害系统理论与洪灾形成规律,系统地研究文安洼蓄滞洪区洪水灾害链。研究发现,文安洼蓄滞洪区洪水灾害属于雨-洪灾害链,从洪水蔓延角度看,蓄滞洪区灾害链又属于支干流域灾害链和蔓延侵蚀灾害链耦合形式。在搞清蓄滞洪区灾害链基础上,通过对大清河流域历史洪水灾害分析,发现流域洪水灾害具有明显的周期规律,将其在时间进程上划分为平静期、过渡期和活跃期3个阶段,而对某一大洪水而言,其灾害发生发展过程又可划分为早、中、晚期3个阶段。针对不同洪水灾害链式阶段,采用不同的措施,即孕育阶段采用断链措施,潜在期采用防御措施,诱发阶段采用治理措施。
As an important component of water conservancy projects, flood storage and detention areas play an important role in reducing the flood pressure of the dike along the coast, but also cause major disasters in the flood storage and detention areas. Based on the theory of disaster system and the formation of flood, a systematic study of flood disaster chain in Wen’Awa flood detention area. The study found that the flood disaster in Wen’Awa flood detention area belongs to the rain-flood hazard chain. From the perspective of flood spread, the disaster recovery detention basin belongs to the coupled form of the disaster chain in the branch drainage basin and the erosion-erosion chain. On the basis of understanding the disaster chain of flood detention basin, through the analysis of the historical flood disaster in the basin, it is found that the flood disaster in the basin has obvious periodicity and is divided into three periods of calm period, transition period and active period , But for a big flood, its disaster development process can be divided into early, middle and late stages. For different stages of flood disaster chain, using different measures, that is, the use of broken chain breed during pregnancy, the potential use of defensive measures, induce the use of management measures.