科学家大致可以分成两种类型:一类是他们首先进行实验或观测,用一般科学理论来解释他们的实验或观测结果。然后,再提出进一步的理论假说。原有的科学理论被实验或观测结果确定是否成立,而新的科学理论就此产生。科学进步由此向前。这类科学家是科学事业的中坚,占大多数。另一类科学家是少数。他们一开始就以科学哲学的思维方法来面对命题,以严密的逻辑推定和数学手段提出一个相应的理论。然后 Scientists can roughly be divided into two types: one is that they first conduct experiments or observations and use general scientific theories to explain their experiments or observations. Then, a further theoretical hypothesis is put forward. The original scientific theory is experimental or observational results to determine whether established, and new scientific theories arise. Science advances from this forward. Such scientists are the backbone of science, accounting for the majority. Another type of scientist is the minority. From the very beginning, they confronted the proposition with the philosophy of science and put forward a corresponding theory with rigorous logic and mathematics. then