论文部分内容阅读
迁移是指已经获得的知识、技能、甚至方法对新知识、新技能的影响。积极的影响称为正迁移,或简称迁移;消极的影响则称负迁移。教学中充分发挥正迁移的作用,有利于优化教学过程,提高教学质量。在小学数学教学中,根据知识结构与学生的年龄特征,常常采用类比、延伸、转换等方法进行迁移,使学生获得新的知识、技能。类比性迁移,这是抓住知识系统中的同类要素及联系,利用它们之间的相互影响来认识、理解和掌握新知识,这样使学生获得的新知识是前后连贯的,比较牢固的。例如,教学“比的基本性质”这一内容时,运用“比”与“除法”的关系(或“比
Migration refers to the acquired knowledge, skills, and even methods on new knowledge, new skills. Positive impact is called positive migration, or simply migration; Negative impact is negative migration. Give full play to the role of positive migration in teaching is conducive to optimizing the teaching process and improve the quality of teaching. In elementary mathematics teaching, according to the structure of knowledge and the age characteristics of students, we often use the methods of analogy, extension and transformation to make the students gain new knowledge and skills. Analogous migration, which grasps the same kind of elements and connections in the knowledge system, uses their mutual influence to understand, understand and master new knowledge, so that the new knowledge acquired by the students is coherent and relatively solid. For example, when teaching the “basic nature of ratio”, the relationship between “ratio” and “division” (or "ratio