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为研究双反射面信道中多径丰富程度对6极化多输入多输出系统(HPMIMO)信道容量和特征值的影响,设计了一个工作于28 GHz的共点正交的双极化天线,此天线由一个电偶极子和一个环天线组成,并以此天线为基本单元,得到了一个虚拟的共点正交6极化MIMO天线.从计算结果中发现,随着两个反射面间夹角的减小,信道中的多径数目逐渐增加,对应的信道容量也逐渐增加,可达到单极化系统信道容量的2.47~5.10倍.夹角为0°时多径数目趋于无穷的情况比自由空间(FS)和夹角为180°等多径较少的情况下的6极化MIMO信道容量会有30%~45%的增加.此外,在自由空间信道和双反射面信道中,6极化MIMO信道矩阵都会得到6个非零特征值,但在多径数目较少时,有一些特征值会接近于0.因此,为了获得足够高的信道复用和分集增益,多极化MIMO天线需要工作在多径较为丰富的信道中.
In order to study the influence of multi-path abundance on dual HPMIM channel capacity and eigenvalue, a co-polarized double-dipole antenna operating at 28 GHz is designed. The antenna consists of an electric dipole and a loop antenna, and based on this antenna, a virtual common-point orthogonal 6-polarization MIMO antenna is obtained. From the calculation results, it is found that with the two reflective surfaces The number of multipaths in the channel gradually increases and the corresponding channel capacity gradually increases, reaching 2.47 ~ 5.10 times the channel capacity of the unipolarized system. When the angle is 0 °, the number of multipaths tends to infinity The 6-polarization MIMO channel capacity is increased by 30% -45% with less multipath than the free space (FS) and the included angle of 180. In the free-space channel and the dual-reflection channel, Six polarization MIMO channel matrices yield six non-zero eigenvalues, but with fewer multipaths, some eigenvalues will be close to 0. Therefore, in order to obtain sufficiently high channel reuse and diversity gain, multipolarization MIMO antennas need to work in the more abundant channel multipath.