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针对杜童水电站进水口水头损失过大导致电站出力不足的问题,基于重力相似准则,建立了1∶50的试验模型,分别对不同墩头形状和不同前室长度进行了模型试验。结果表明,尖圆型墩头的水头损失较原矩形修圆墩头平均降低了8.63%,说明尖圆型墩头能更好地平稳水流,但水头损失依然过大;将水电站前室部分延长20m后,与未延长前相比,水头损失平均降低了47.57%,说明该水电站原设计为减小工程量,过分缩短了前室长度,导致水头损失过大,为类似工程提供了借鉴。
In view of the problem of insufficient power head loss at the inlet of Ducun Hydropower Station, a 1:50 test model was established based on the gravity similarity criterion, and the model tests of different pier head shapes and different front chamber lengths were carried out respectively. The results show that the head loss of sharp rounded piers is reduced by 8.63% on average compared with that of the original rectangular rounded piers, which indicates that rounded piers can better smooth the water flow but the head loss is still too large. 20m, the head loss is reduced by 47.57% on average compared with that before the extension, which shows that the original design of this hydropower station is to reduce the project volume, shorten the length of antechamber and lead to excessive head loss, thus providing reference for similar projects.