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心是中国传统哲学系统中最一般、最基本的概念,也是义蕴广泛丰富、演变错综复杂的概念之一。心有道心人心之说。程颐最先将其纳入理学心性论中,并把道心与人心对立起来.建立了“明天理,灭人欲”的极端的理论。朱熹则认为心只有一个,道心人心都来源于人性,人欲为人心的一部分,应予肯定,但由于道心主于理,人心主于气,故道心应支配、节制人心,以遏制人欲,因而主张“存天理,逼人欲”。李退溪的道心人心之说,其基本的理论框架是朱子的,即肯定道心对人心的主导地位。其间有创新,也有矛盾。
Heart is the most general and basic concept in Chinese traditional philosophical system, and it is also one of the concepts of richness and complex evolution of meaning. Heart-hearted way to say. Cheng Yi was the first to include it in the psychology of Neo-Confucianism and to oppose both moral and human feelings. Established the extreme theory of “tomorrow’s principle, destroy human desire”. Zhu Xi believes that there is only one heart, heart and soul are derived from human nature, as part of human desire, should be affirmed, but because of the principle of morality, the main force of the mind, so the heart should dominate, control the people to curb the human Desire, thus advocating “save nature, pressing desire.” Li Daoxi’s heart of the people said that the basic theoretical framework is Zhuzi, that is sure the morality of the dominance of the people. In the meantime there are innovations, there are contradictions.