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目的了解广州市大型购物中心的公共厕所使用者的卫生行为、公厕洗手配套设施的情况。方法2008年4月26-27日,选取广州市3个大型购物中心共60间公厕,采用问卷调查使用者对公厕设施和卫生状况的评价,观察公厕洗手配套设施的情况。结果共调查419名公厕使用者,其中男性210人、女性209人。洗手率为84.2%,女性洗手率(89.5%)高于男性(78.8%)(P<0.01)。洗手时间均数为5.0 s。不洗手原因主要包括没习惯、水龙头问题、赶时间、去其他地方洗等等。公厕使用者不良习惯有便后不冲水、厕所内抽烟、吐痰、乱丢垃圾等,其发生率分别为29.4%、8.8%、1.0%和1.4%。结论公共厕所使用者洗手率较高。为进一步提高洗手率,还需要完善水龙头等洗手配套设施及增加水龙头数量。便后不冲水、抽烟等公厕不文明行为仍较普遍。需要进一步加强行为教育干预,提高公民的道德修养及卫生意识。
Objective To understand the health behaviors of public toilet users and the facilities for washing toilets in public toilets in shopping malls in Guangzhou. Methods From April 26 to 27, 2008, a total of 60 public toilets in 3 large shopping centers in Guangzhou were selected. The users ’questionnaires were used to evaluate the public toilets’ facilities and sanitary conditions, and the situation of washing facilities in public toilets was observed. Results A total of 419 public toilet users were surveyed, including 210 males and 209 females. The rate of hand washing was 84.2%, and the rate of female hand washing (89.5%) was higher than that of men (78.8%) (P <0.01). The average time for washing hands is 5.0 s. The main reasons include not washing, faucet problems, hurry up, go to other places to wash and so on. The incidence of smoking, spitting and littering in toilets was 29.4%, 8.8%, 1.0% and 1.4% respectively after bad habits of public toilets were found in the toilets. Conclusion Toilets for public toilet users are higher. In order to further improve the rate of hand washing, we also need to improve hand washing facilities like faucets and increase the number of faucets. After they are not flushing, smoking and other uncivilized public toilets are still more common. It is necessary to further strengthen behavioral education intervention and raise citizens’ awareness of moral cultivation and hygiene.