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目的研究肺癌患者的气道高反应性和肺通气功能情况,并探讨其易感因素,为肺癌患者肺通气功能的临床评估提供依据。方法对2010年4月2011年4月收治的40例肺癌患者(A组)进行术前肺功能检测及气管激发试验,选取同期的健康体检者40例做对照组(B组),并采用logistic逐步回归分析肺癌患者的气道高反应性的易感因素。结果①A组患者的用力肺活量、第1秒用力呼气容积(forced expiratory volume in one second,FEV1)、最高呼气流量(peak expiratory flow,PEF)以及最大呼气中期流量均小于B组,且差异有统计学意义(P=0.000);②A组的FEV1估计异常人数和PEF估计异常人数均多于B组(P<0.05);③A组组胺气道激发试验阳性者多于B组(χ2=5.000,P=0.025),且A组PD20FEV1低于对照组[分别为(4.69±0.82)、(8.32±1.43)μmol/L;t=13.930,P=0.000];④logistic逐步回归分析表明影响A组患者的气道高反应性的因素为年龄、分型、TNM分期、病史、吸烟。结论肺癌气道反应性增高,且肺功能下降,由于肺癌气道高反应性的易感因素较多,因此需对合并因素较多者进行及时的预防,防止由于气道阻力增加和气道狭窄引起的胸闷、咳嗽、喘息和呼吸困难等症状。
Objective To study the airway hyperresponsiveness and pulmonary ventilation in patients with lung cancer and to explore the predisposing factors for lung function in patients with lung cancer. Methods Forty lung cancer patients (group A) treated in April 2010 and April 2011 were enrolled in this study. Preoperative pulmonary function test and tracheal provocation test were performed. Forty healthy subjects in the same period were selected as control group (group B) Stepwise regression analysis of susceptibility to airway hyperresponsiveness in lung cancer patients. Results ① The forced vital capacity, forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), peak expiratory flow (PEF) and maximum expiratory flow in group A were lower than those in group B, and the differences (P = 0.000); ②The abnormality of FEV1 and abnormal PEF in group A were more than that of group B (P <0.05); ③A group had more positive histamine-induced airway stimulation than group B (χ2 = 5.000, P = 0.025). The PD20FEV1 in group A was lower than that in control group [(4.69 ± 0.82) and (8.32 ± 1.43) μmol / L, respectively; t = 13.930, P = Patients with airway hyperresponsiveness factors for age, type, TNM stage, history, smoking. Conclusions The airway responsiveness of lung cancer is increased and the lung function is decreased. Because of the more susceptible factors of airway hyperresponsiveness in lung cancer, it is necessary to timely prevent the more complicated factors and prevent it from being caused by the increase of airway resistance and airway stenosis Chest tightness, cough, wheezing and breathing difficulties and other symptoms.