北京是世界著名古都,保存于地上、地下丰富多彩的文物遗存,是北京悠久历史和灿烂文化的见证。北京不仅有举世闻名的故宫、天坛、颐和园等地上文物遗存,而且还有珍贵的地下文物埋藏和重要的考古发掘成果,它们对于研究北京历史具有不可替代的重要作用。地下文物指古代先民在各种活动中遗留下来的物质文化遗存,一般分为遗迹和遗物两大类。遗迹包括房址、村落、城址、墓葬等,遗物包括生活用 Beijing is a world famous ancient capital, preserved on the ground, rich and colorful cultural relics underground, Beijing is a long history and splendid culture witness. Beijing not only has the world-famous Forbidden City, Temple of Heaven, the Summer Palace and other places on the heritage, but also valuable buried underground artifacts and important archaeological excavations, they are of irreplaceable importance for the study of Beijing history. Underground cultural relics refer to the material and cultural relics left by ancient ancestors in various activities, which are generally divided into two major categories: relics and relics. Relics include the site, village, city site, tombs, etc., relics, including life