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塔里木盆地塔河油田奥陶系碳酸盐岩储集层类型复杂多样。作为一种重要的油气储集体,岩溶塌陷是该区勘探开发的最重要目标之一。根据地震资料和实际钻井资料,将该区的岩溶塌陷分为负载型塌陷、构造型塌陷和落水洞型塌陷3种类型,依据实际参数对之进行了模型正演。正演结果表明:岩溶塌陷体在地震上反映为上部有同相轴“下凹”、内部强“串珠”状反射和杂乱反射;不同类型塌陷具有不同特征,构造型塌陷上部同相轴“错断”明显,落水洞型塌陷上部同相轴呈现出“漏斗状”特征。岩溶塌陷体正演模拟特征与实际地震反射特征吻合较好,证明设计的3种塌陷模型较为可靠。据此,可以在该区的地震剖面上识别出相应的岩溶塌陷模式。
Ordovician carbonate reservoirs in Tahe Oilfield of Tarim Basin are complex and diverse in type. As an important oil and gas reservoir, karst collapse is one of the most important targets of exploration and development in this area. Based on the seismic data and the actual drilling data, the karst collapse in the area is divided into three types: load collapse, structural collapse and water-cave collapse, and model forward is carried out according to actual parameters. The results of forward modeling show that the karst collapses are reflected in the seismic facies as “upside down”, “strong” “beaded” reflection and chaotic reflection in the upper part. Different types of collapses have different characteristics and structural collapse upper-phase events “False break ” Obviously, the upper episode of sinkhole collapse shows “funnel ” feature. The simulation of forward modeling of karst collapses is in good agreement with the actual seismic reflection characteristics, which proves that the three collapse models designed are more reliable. Accordingly, the corresponding karst collapse pattern can be identified in the seismic profile of this area.