前言激光是六十年代发展起来的一门尖端科学,它的出现,标志着人类掌握和利用光波进入一个新阶段。由于激光具有极高的亮度,极好的方向性、单色性和相干性等优点,因此它对于国防建设、工农业生产以及科学实验等各方面都有极为广泛的用途,它刚一问世,便立即引起世界各国的重视,发展十分迅速。 Introduction Laser is a cutting-edge science developed in the 1960s. Its appearance marks a new phase in which mankind masters and utilizes light waves. Because of its advantages such as high brightness, excellent directivity, monochromaticity and coherence, it has a very wide range of applications in various fields such as national defense construction, industrial and agricultural production and scientific experiments. It has just come out, It immediately aroused the attention of all countries in the world and has developed rapidly.