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目的 探讨三明地区支气管哮喘流行及发病情况 ,进而提出三明地区成人及儿童支气管哮喘防治方向。方法 以抽样的方法选择有代表性的 3个工厂 ,16所中小学、幼儿园等共计 2 3331人进行调查。调查内容以书面问卷方式进行 ,问卷有效答卷回收率为 10 0 % ,对可疑病例作皮肤过敏原、峰流速仪等检查。结果 检查人数为 2 3331人 ,共分 13个年龄组 ,三明地区支气管哮喘患病率为 1.5 5 % ,患病率最高的年龄组为 10岁以下儿童 ,成年组从 35岁以上患病率有逐渐增高趋势 ,患病率最高达 12 .5 0 % ,男女性患病率有明显差异 ,为 1.92∶ 1;经调查发现遗传因素、过敏因素是诱致哮喘发病的重要因素。结论 本研究发现哮喘老年组患病率为 2 0 .72 % ,儿童组为 11.90 %。
Objective To investigate the prevalence and incidence of bronchial asthma in Sanming area and to propose the direction of prevention and treatment of bronchial asthma in adults and children in Sanming area. Methods A total of 2 3331 people, including 3 representative factories, 16 primary and secondary schools and kindergartens, were selected by sampling method. The contents of the survey were conducted by written questionnaire. The effective questionnaire recovery rate was 100%. Skin allergens and peak current velocity tests were conducted on suspicious cases. Results There were 2 3331 examinees in 13 age groups. The prevalence of bronchial asthma in Sanming was 1.5 5%. The highest prevalence rate was in children under 10 years old. The prevalence of over 35 years old adults The prevalence was as high as 12.5%. The prevalence rate of males and females was significantly different from that of males and females (1.92: 1). It was found that genetic factors and allergic factors were the important factors inducing asthma. Conclusion This study found that the prevalence of asthma in the elderly group was 20.72% and in the children group was 11.90%.