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目的:了解河南省生食水产品卫生状况,指导消费,防止因食用生食水产品而引起食源性疾病。方法:随机采集河南省18个地市73家餐饮单位生食水产品192份,采用国家标准方法进行菌落总数、大肠菌群、致病菌、寄生虫囊蚴、异尖线虫和24种抗生素检测。按照国家标准及农业部193、235号公告对生食水产品进行评价,并将日本生食水产品卫生标准与GB10136-2005进行比较。结果:所检项目都合格的样品占总抽查量的15.1%,其中菌落总数、大肠菌群、致病菌、寄生虫囊蚴及异尖线虫合格率分别为23.4%、25.5%、95.8%、100%、100%,抗生素合格率为100%,检出率为5.73%。不同品种生食水产品、大中型饭店生食水产品合格率差异均无显著性(P>0.05)。结论:河南省生食水产品普遍存在微生物污染,应加强生食水产品在其生长水域及运输、存放、加工等环节的监管力度。
Objective: To understand the sanitary status of raw aquatic products in Henan Province, to guide consumption, to prevent food-borne diseases caused by consumption of raw food aquatic products. Methods: Ninety-two raw food aquatic products were collected from 73 food and beverage units in 18 cities of Henan Province. The total number of colonies, coliform bacteria, pathogenic bacteria, metacercariae, 24 AEC and 24 antibiotics were detected by national standard methods. In accordance with the national standards and Ministry of Agriculture Bulletin No. 193,235 on the assessment of raw seafood, and Japanese raw aquatic products hygiene standards and GB10136-2005 for comparison. Results: The qualified samples of the seized items accounted for 15.1% of the total random samples. The total number of colony, coliform bacteria, pathogenic bacteria, metacercariae of parasites and anisomycosis were 23.4%, 25.5% and 95.8% respectively, 100%, 100%, 100% pass rate of antibiotics, the detection rate was 5.73%. Different breeds of raw aquatic products, large and medium-sized hotel raw seafood rate of no significant difference (P> 0.05). Conclusion: Microbial contamination of raw aquatic products in Henan Province is widespread. Supervision and management of raw aquatic products should be strengthened in its growing waters, transport, storage and processing.