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目的了解宁夏回族自治区住院患者恶性肿瘤构成,探讨该地区恶性肿瘤的发病规律,为恶性肿瘤防治提供科学依据。方法以2002年-2014年42 666例该地区(剔除周边省区)初诊原发恶性肿瘤住院病例为研究对象,分析恶性肿瘤的病种分布、疾病顺位、性别比例、民族分布以及不同年龄组与入院时间的变化趋势。结果前十位的恶性肿瘤分别为:胃癌、肺癌、乳腺癌、大肠癌、子宫癌、肝癌、食管癌、白血病、甲状腺癌、淋巴瘤;女性发病平均年龄51.6岁低于男性57.2岁,男女性别间恶性肿瘤病种顺位不同;回族发病平均年龄51.1岁低于汉族55.4岁,回汉民族间恶性肿瘤病种顺位略有不同;恶性肿瘤患者以40岁以上的人群为主,该年龄段占全部患者的88.9%。恶性肿瘤患者构成在不同年龄组、不同性别、及不同民族间分布不同。结论宁夏回族自治区地处西北地区,具有独特的地域特征,恶性肿瘤疾病构成与全国和其他地区有所不同。应结合恶性肿瘤在年龄、性别、地区病种分布特点,积极开展恶性肿瘤的健康宣教和防治工作。
Objective To understand the composition of malignant tumors in hospitalized patients in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region and to explore the incidence of malignant tumors in this area and to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of malignant tumors. Methods A total of 42 666 newly diagnosed inpatients with primary malignancies in this area (excluding the peripheral provinces and autonomous regions) from 2002 to 2014 were selected as research objects to analyze the distribution of disease types, prevalence of disease, sex ratio, ethnic distribution and different age groups And the changing trend of admission time. Results The top 10 malignant tumors were: gastric cancer, lung cancer, breast cancer, colorectal cancer, uterine cancer, liver cancer, esophageal cancer, leukemia, thyroid cancer, lymphoma. The average age of onset in women was 51.6 years, lower than that in men 57.2 years The average age of onset of the Hui population is lower than that of the Han nationality (51.1 years) by 55.4 years (P <0.05); the number of malignant tumor patients is slightly different from that of the Han nationality; the patients with malignant tumors are mainly those over 40 years of age, Accounting for 88.9% of all patients. Patients with malignant tumors in different age groups, different genders, and different ethnic distribution. Conclusion Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region is located in the northwestern region, with unique geographical features, the composition of malignant tumors and the rest of the country and other areas are different. Should be combined with malignant tumor in the age, gender, regional distribution of disease characteristics, and actively carry out health education and prevention of malignant tumors.