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目的了解中学生艾滋病认知情况及相关行为,为今后因地制宜开展中学生健康教育提供参考依据。方法2014-10在凉山州布拖县使用自行设计的《中学生艾滋病健康教育调查表》进行调查。结果共调查1 023人,收回有效问卷1 002份,其中男生71.66%、女生28.34%;初中生91.72%、高中生8.28%;彝族92.51%、汉族5.39%、其他民族2.10%。年龄分布11~21岁。艾滋病防治知识知晓率为24.85%~72.26%。认为“学校宣传艾滋病知识”非常重要的占52.69%、不重要的占14.87%、不知道的占32.44%。结论凉山州布拖县中学生对艾滋病基本知识有一定的了解,但知晓率不高;学校艾滋病健康教育工作虽已显现一定的成效,但还应进一步加强,开展多种多样的健康教育活动。今后学校健康教育工作重点应该是教导学生不要吸毒,不要与他人共用注射器,发生性行为时使用安全套,注意保护自己,结婚前应当检测艾滋病等。
Objective To understand the AIDS cognition and related behaviors among middle school students and provide reference for carrying out health education for middle school students according to local conditions in the future. Methods 2014-10 Investigation was conducted in Buduo County, Liangshan Prefecture using self-designed “AIDS Health Education Questionnaire for Middle School Students”. Results A total of 1 023 questionnaires were collected and 1 002 valid questionnaires were returned, of which 71.66% were boys and 28.34% were girls; 91.72% were junior high school students and 8.28% were high school students; 92.51% were Yi nationality, 5.39% were Han nationality, and 2.10% were other ethnic groups. Age distribution of 11 to 21 years old. AIDS awareness awareness rate of 24.85% ~ 72.26%. They think that 52.69% are very important in “AIDS awareness in school”, 14.87% are insignificant, and 32.44% do not know. Conclusion The middle school students in the county of Liangshan Prefecture have a certain understanding of AIDS basic knowledge, but the awareness rate is not high. Although AIDS health education in schools has shown some success, it should be further strengthened to carry out a wide range of health education activities. The future of school health education should focus on teaching students not to use drugs, do not share syringes with others, the use of condoms when sexual behavior, pay attention to protect themselves, before marriage should be tested for AIDS and so on.