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C.elegans locomotion is accessible for molecular genetic interrogations on how behaviors are generated by circuits.We have identified a novel,functionally conserved endoplasmic reticulum protein NLF-1 that specifically delivers a neuronal sodium leak channel NCA to establish the resting membrane potential and excitability of premotor interneurons(1).Here,I will present our unpublished electrophysiological,optogenetic and behavioral analysis that allow us to pinpoint the critical role of the sodium leak currents in persistent neural activity of a minimal interneuron circuit to sustain rhythmic locomotion.