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High salt intake is a major risk factor for hypertension and cardiovascular diseases.Currently, there is no effective way to reduce salt retention in general population other than diuretic drugs.Caffeine, the main component of coffee, produces moderate diuresis and natriuresis, but its long-term effects on urinary sodium excretion and blood pressure are rarely investigated.In this study, we demonstrate that chronic consumption of caffeine attenuates hypertension induced by high salt diet without affecting sympathetic nerve activity in Dahl salt-sensitive (Dahl-S) rats.