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The inhibition behavior of an imidazoline derivative as an organic corrosion inhibitor for carbon steel in desalted water was investigated by means of coupon tests and weight loss method.The results obtained confirm that this imidazoline derivative can significantly reduce the corrosion rate of carbon steel in desalted water within the studied temperatures.The minimum fully-practical concentration of this corrosion inhibitor is 60mg/L for 20# carbon steel in the desalted-water without deoxygenation at temperatures not over 60℃; in 40℃ and 60℃ desalted-water without deoxygenation but with enough inhibitor content,the increase of pH had no obvious effect on the anti-corrosion performance; Cl-and SO4 2-both affected the performance of this imidazoline inhibitor,which tended to be more significant with the increasing concentration within a certain range; according to the Langmuir isotherm,the corrosion inhibition of carbon steel by this inhibitor occurs through chemisorption of inhibitor molecules on the active sites,which leads to the formation of a passive layer on the metal surface which separates the metal from direct contact with the corrosive medium and hence keeps the interface in a passive state.