Encapsulating SnOx nanoparticlesinto porous carbon nanofibers as high-performance lithium-ion batter

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Due to their high theoretical capacities(up to 1494 mAh g-1),SnOx nanomaterials are considered one of the most potential candidate anode materials for lithium-ion batteries(LIBs).However.their practical applications are inhibited by their huge volume change that occurs during the lithiation/delithiation reactions,which can cause the pulverization of electrode and loss of electrical contact between adjacent active particles and current collectors.To overcome these problems,many efforts have been adopted.One of the effective approaches is dispersing SnOx nanoparticles into carbon matrix,which can not only buffer the strain caused by the volume change and prevent the nanoparticle aggregation,but also improve the electronic conductivity of the overall electrode[1].Nevertheless.the coated carbon usually covers the surface of theactive materials tightly,resulting in increased Li+transportresistance to the interior active materials[2].Instead.introducing porous structure in the carbon matrix is believed to be a useful approach to further improve the electrochemical performance of SnOx/C nanocompositesbecause the pores facilitate the penetration of electrolyte into the nanocomposites.which results in the direct contact between electrochemically activeSnOx nanoparticles and lithium ion-carrying electrolyte,thus highly facilitating lithium ion transport.
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