@@1. Introduction:Lao People's Democratic Republic is a landlocked country located in South East Asia, bordered by Thailand to the west, Myanmar to the northwest, China (Yunnan Province) to the north, Vietnam to its immediate east, and Kampuchea to the south. It has a population of 6.48 million. The country has a landmass of 236,800 square km, of which about 40％ is covered by forest. Inadequate medical facilities that are often too far from communities living in isolated villages, and insufficient access to the most current pharmaceuticals on the market or to most current disease therapies, make it difficult to successfully treat certain health conditions in Laos. Malaria, viral infections, and a high infant mortality rate are relatively common throughout the country. About 80％ of the population lives in rural areas of the country where access to conventional medicine is limited or non-existence, either because of its high cost or because it is not available. In such rural areas, usage of Lao Traditional Medicine for primary health care is very high, much higher than in urban areas, resulting in a wider availability of traditional healers in rural villages and towns. All of these factors resulted in a high dependence of the Lao population on traditional medicines and wild medicinal plants in their primary health care.