Sthenoteuthis oualaniensis is widely distributed in the Pacific and Indian Ocean and subtropical waters,and is one of the dominant species of large-scale light falling-net fisheries in Xisha and its adjacent waters,South China Sea.This study observed variations of Sthenoteuthis oualaniensis resource in Xisha and its adjacent waters in spring (March to May) during 2006-2010,using standardizing catch per unit fishing effort (CPUE) based on Generalized Linear Models (GLM).The relationship between Sthenoteuthis oualaniensis abundance and environmental factors,including satellite remote sensing sea surface wind (SSW),sea surface temperature (SST),chlorophyll a concentration (Chl-a),and primary production (PP) were also analyzed.Results showed that Sthenoteuthis oualaniensis resources increased as the SST raised in 25-28.5 ℃.The optimum temperature range for Sthenoteuthis oualaniensis was 26.5-28.5 ℃.From September to May,the standardized CPUE of Sthenoteuthis oualaniensis increased gradually,along with Chl-a and PP decreased.The Sthenoteuthis oualaniensis CPUE reached its peak value in May,when the lowest value of Chl-a and PP occurred.The lag time of the peak value between Sthenoteuthis oualaniensis resources and Chl-a was about 2 months in Xisha and its adjacent waters,South China Sea in spring.In addition,resources abundance of Sthenoteuthis oualaniensis was influenced by climate change.The Sthenoteuthis oualaniensis abundance was the lowest in the first ten-days of March 2008,when the SSW,Chl-a and PP were the highest and the SST was the lowest,partly connected with the snowstorm from the mainland in early 2008.