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Objective Objectives: Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC)occurs with high frequency in China and the prognosis is poor.Although treatment of ESCC has progressed rapidly,development of chemoresistance remains a major challenge in treatment efficiency.One of the earlywarning biomarkers,RAC1(Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1),has an essential role in cancer progression and development.However,its responsibilities in chemoresistance of ESCC and the underlying mechanisms are largely unknown.Therefore,this study identified the relationship between RAC1 and chemoresistance and further investigated the mechanism of RAC1 in regulating resistant to chemotherapy.