First-spiking dynamics and control of a mathematically modeled neuron under the stimulation of colored noise is investigated. For the uncontrolled model，the stochastic averaging principle is utilized and the model equation is approximated by diffusion process and depicted by It? Stochastic differential equation. As for the controlled problem for maximizing the resting probability and maximizing the time to first spike，the dynamical programming equations are established. The optimal control law is determined. The controlled original model equation is also represented by It? Stochastic differential equation. The corresponding backward Kolmogorov equation and Pontryagin equation associated with the It? Stochastic differential equation，for uncontrolled and controlled case，are established and solved to yield the resting probability and the time to first spike，respectively. The analytical results are verified by Monte Carlo simulation. It has shown that the proposed control strategy can suppress the overactive neuronal firing activity and possesses potential application for some neural diseases treatment.